Showing posts with label switch. Show all posts
Showing posts with label switch. Show all posts
Friday, May 31, 2013
Outdoor Lighting Wiring Diagramgang Switch
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To An Individual Light There Is Little Need For That.
Outdoor Lighting Wiring Diagram 2 Gang Switch.
Two Way Light Switch Using 3 Core Cable.
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Fluorescent Light Wiring Diagram Tube Light Circuit.
1992 Plymouth Voyager Interior Lighting Wiring Diagram.
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An Outlet To Control An Overhead Light Or Fan One Project Closer.
Monday, May 13, 2013
220V AC Lamp Toggle Switch Circuit
Due to the low current drawing, the circuit can be supplied from 230Vac mains without a transformer. Supply voltage is reduced to 12Vdc by means of C1 reactance, a two diode rectifier cell D1 & D2 and Zener diode D3. IC1A, IC1B, R2, R3 and C3 form a reliable bounce-free toggle switch operated by P1. R4 and C4, wired to pin #6 of IC1B reset the circuit (lamp off) when power supply is applied. IC1C and IC1D wired in parallel act as a buffer, driving the Gate of the Triac through R5. Parts:
R1 = 470R
R2 = 10K
R3 = 100K
R4 = 100K
R5 = 1K
C1 = 330nF-400V
C2 = 100uF-25V
C3 = 100nF-63V
C4 = 10uF-25V
D1 = 1N4007
D2 = 1N4007
D3 = BZX79C12
D4 = TIC206M
IC1 = 4011 NAND Gate
Notes:
* The circuit can be wired permanently to the mains supply as current drain is negligible.
* Due to transformerless design there is no heat generation.
* Low Gate-current Triacs are recommended.
* Obviously, other appliances can be powered in place of a lamp, provided their power dissipation does not exceed about 400W @ 230V
* 110-120Vac operation is easily obtained by simply changing C1 value to 680nF 250V. No further changes are necessary.
* In some cases, e.g. when the controlled device is far from the toggle switch, a pilot LED could be necessary for monitoring purposes. If so, disconnect pin #10 of IC1C from pin #11 of IC1D and wire a LED and its 1K series current limiting resistor across pin #10 of IC1C and negative supply.
* Warning! The circuit is connected to 230Vac mains, so some parts in the circuit board are subjected to lethal potential! Avoid touching the circuit when plugged in and enclose it in a plastic box.
* P1 will SPST Pushbutton
Friday, April 12, 2013
Wireless On Off Switch
Normally home appliances are controlled by means of switches, sensors, etc. However, physical contact with switches may be dangerous if there is any shorting. The circuit described here requires no physical contact for operating the appliance. You just need to move your hand between the infrared LED (D2) and the phototransistor (Q1).
Wireless On-Off Switch Circuit diagram :
The infrared rays transmitted by D2 is detected by the phototransistor to activate the hidden lock, flush system, hand dryer or else. This circuit is very stable and sensitive compared to other AC appliance control circuits. It is simple, compact and cheap. Current consumption is low in milliamperes. The circuit is built around an IC CA3140, D2, phototransistor and other discrete components.
Parts:
R1 = 470R
R2 = 100K
R3 = 3.3K
R4 = 10K
D1 = 1N4007
D2 = IR LED
Q1 = L14F1
RL = 5Vdc Relay
IC = CA3140
Q2 = BC548
R2 = 100K
R3 = 3.3K
R4 = 10K
D1 = 1N4007
D2 = IR LED
Q1 = L14F1
RL = 5Vdc Relay
IC = CA3140
Q2 = BC548
Circuit Operation:
When regulated 5V is connected to the circuit, D2 emits infrared rays, which are received by phototransistor Q1 if it is properly aligned. The collector of Q1 is connected to non-inverting pin 3 of IC1. Inverting pin 2 of IC1 is connected to voltage-divider preset R4. Using preset R4 you can vary the reference voltage at pin 2, which also affects sensitivity of the phototransistor. Op-amp IC1 amplifies the signal received from the phototransistor. Resistor R3 controls the base current of transistor BC548 (Q2). The high output of IC1 at pin 6 drives transistor Q2 to energies relay RL1 and switch on the appliance, say, hand dryer, through the relay contacts.
The working of the circuit is simple. In order to switch on the appliance, you simply interrupt the infrared rays falling on the phototransistor through your hand. During the interruption, the appliance remains on through the relay. When you remove your hand from the infrared beam, the appliance turns off through the relay. Assemble the circuit on any general-purpose PCB. Identify the resistors through colour coding or using the multimeter. Check the polarity and pin configuration of the IC and mount it using base. After soldering the circuit, connect +5V supply to the circuit.
Source : www.ecircuitslab.com/2011/05/wireless-on-off-switch.html
Wednesday, April 10, 2013
Simple Sound Activated Switch
Control by sound may be very useful, not just on a robot but also for a bit of home automation, for example a sound activated light responding to a knock on the door or a hand clap. The light will be automatically switched off after a few seconds. An alternative use is burglar protection — if someone wants to open the door or break some-thing the light will come on, suggesting that someone’s at home. The circuit can work from any 5– 12 VDC regulated power supply pro-vided a relay with the suitable coil voltage is used.
Sound Activated Switch Circuit Diagram
When you first connect the supply voltage to the circuit, the relay will be energised because of the effect of capacitor C2. Allow a few seconds for the relay to be switched off. You can increase or decrease the ‘on’ period by changing the value of C2. A higher value results in a longer ‘on’ period, and vice versa. Do not use a value greater than 47 µF. Biasing resistor R1 determines to a large extent the microphone sensitivity. An electret microphone usually has one internal FET inside which requires a bias voltage to operate. The optimum bias level for response to sound has to be found by trial and error.
All relevant electrical safety precautions should be observed when connecting mains powered loads to the relay contacts.
http://streampowers.blogspot.com/2012/06/simple-sound-activated-switch.html
Saturday, April 6, 2013
Electronic Touch Switch
Mechanical contacts have the disadvantage that they wear out. That is why it is practical to use an electronic ‘touch switch’ in some situations. With such a touch switch the resistance of the human skin is used for the switching action. The schematic shows the design of a circuit that senses the resistance of the skin and converts it into a useful switching signal. The touch switch contacts can be made from two small metal plates, rivets, nails, etcetera, which are placed close together on a non-conducting surface. In this circuit a comparator of the type LM393 has been used. In the idle state there is, via R1, a voltage equal to the power supply voltage on the non-inverting input of IC1a.
Because the inverting input of IC1a is set with R2 and D3 to D5 at the supply voltage minus 1.8 V, the open-collector output of IC1.a is, via R3, equal to the power supply voltage. This voltage is inverted by IC1.b. The voltage at the non-inverting input of IC1.b amounts to half the power supply voltage (through voltage divider R4 and R5) and is lower than the voltage on the inverting input.
Electronic Touch Switch Circuit diagram:
The output of IC1.b is therefore a ‘0’. If the two touch contacts are bridged with a finger, the voltage at the non-inverting input will become low enough to cause the comparator to toggle state. The moistness of the skin results in a resistance of 1 to 10 MR. If this circuit is used in the vicinity of equipment that’s connected to the mains, then it can be sufficient to touch only the upper contact to operate the switch, provided that the circuit has been earthed. The body then acts as an antenna which receives the 50 Hz (or 60 Hz) from the mains.
This is enough to toggle IC1.a at the same 50 Hz. C1/R3 prevent this 50 Hz from reaching the input of IC1b and provide a useable ‘pulse’ of about 10 s at the output of IC1.b. Note that a fly walking across the touch switch conducts enough to generate a switching signal. So do not operate important things with this circuit (such as the heating system or the garage door). Do not make the wires between the touch contacts and the circuit too long to prevent picking up interference. The power supply voltage for the circuit is not very critical. Any regulated DC voltage in the range from 6 to 20 V can be used.
Author: Heino Peters - Copyright: Elektor Electronics Magazine
Source : http://www.ecircuitslab.com/2011/06/electronic-touch-switch.html
Source : http://www.ecircuitslab.com/2011/06/electronic-touch-switch.html
Monday, April 1, 2013
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